Actually, if you do say similar, it's not completely ASB (just mostly). South American can be explained by the Treaty of Tordesillas. If the Spanish and Portuguese Empires somehow manage to survive until 1900, then maybe the line drawn in that treaty stays.
In North America, we have Spanish Florida, a Californian Republic that rebelled against the Spanish crown. An alternate Seven Years War allowed France to keep Quebec, but they had to cede the rights to the OTL American Midwest and Ontario. This alt-Ontario joins the American colonies in rebelling, however this alt-US is less into westward expansion. Britain still owns western Canada and the New Brunswick/Nova Scotia area. A more successful Kalmar Union has colonies in Newfoundland and Labrador.
The weakened British Empire never really recovered from the American Revolution (not sure why) and thus was not in a position to further colonize. France nabs South Africa, while the KU takes most of Eastern Africa as well as Australia and Indonesia. The lime green thing is a resurgent Byzantine Empire that looked to the west after losing Anatolia to the Muslims. They took back Italy and then colonized India and Southeast Asia. The pale blob in Northern Europe is a Protestant Union that formed as the result of a rather more militant Protestant Reformation. The pale blob in the Middle East is either a Caliphate, a Turkic Muslim state like the OTL Ottomans, or a really big colony of the Protestant Union.
Russia exists, but it is smaller and has Alaska. The Mongol Empire holds together a little better than OTL and a large portion of Central Asia ends up under China's Yuan Dynasty. Japan pulls a Meiji like OTL and get Korea, the Phillippines, and Kamchatka. The light purple thing in Africa is harder to figure out. A native state which unified the various tribes in a pan-African movement to keep out the Europeans?