African Resources Thread

[PecuTheGreat]

Spoiler

Figure 1: Map of Trade in Oyo, 1816

Spoiler

Figure 2: Left to Right: 1825 conflict map via a kernel density estimate with h = 2; krig with ν = .5 and a = 5/2; krig with ν = 3 and a = 6

Spoiler

Figure 3: Example of MDP decision chain for a start in S3 with an absorbing state in S1 under no conflict (yellow) or conflict (green)

Spoiler

Figure 4: Example of MDP decision chains for 1825 (left) and 1826 (right)

Spoiler

Figure 5: Simulated Slave Origins colored by their points-of-sale. Left to Right: increasing variance in rewards

Spoiler

Figure 6: Estimated Versus Recorded Trans-Atlantic Slave Departures from the Bight of Benin

Spoiler

Figure 7: Top: Model and Linguistic Data for a ship leaving Lagos, 1832; Bottom: for Ouidah

From

[PDF] Mapping the uncertainty of 19th century West African slave origins using a Markov decision process model | Semantic Scholar

This project aims to bridge the lack of accurate maps of Africa during the trans-Atlantic slave trade with the personalized question of where within Africa an individual slave may have hailed by generating and visualize the conditional probability of a slave coming from a certain spatial region...

www.semanticscholar.org

Spoiler

"Sokoto Caliphate and Neighboring States, c. 1850", Slavery Images: A Visual Record of the African Slave Trade and Slave Life in the Early African Diaspora, accessed July 10, 2023, http://104.200.20.178/s/yorubadiaspora/item/3335

Spoiler

Sokoto Caliphate, Borno and Bight of Benin, 1840

Spoiler

"Oyo Empire and Neighboring States, c. 1780", Slavery Images: A Visual Record of the African Slave Trade and Slave Life in the Early African Diaspora, accessed July 10, 2023, http://104.200.20.178/s/yorubadiaspora/item/3333

Spoiler

Spoiler

http://104.200.20.178/files/original/6e610629cbcc708cf0644bdc2e1dc5586a582e4e.jpg

Omeka S

Spoiler

Bight of Benin and Central Bilād al-Sūdān, 1800

"Oyo Empire at Its Greatest Extent, c. 1780", Slavery Images: A Visual Record of the African Slave Trade and Slave Life in the Early African Diaspora, accessed July 10, 2023, http://104.200.20.178/s/yorubadiaspora/item/3337

Spoiler

The Ascension of Ilorin and Owu Wars, 1817–1822

Spoiler

The Egba Crisis, 1823–1830

Spoiler

Oyo’s Final Years, 1831–1836

From

Omeka S

I am doing these in part cuz I found out Lovejoy's Website is down so some of the maps linked from there might no longer work. Maybe they're backed up on the archive but I don't know.

 

[PecuTheGreat]

Spoiler

Map showing the old towns of the south-western Sahara

Walata emerges first as 'Biru', a major commercial hub linking the Saharan markets to the empires of Ghana into which it was later subsumed. Biru displaced the town of Awdaghust after the latter's collapse around the 11th/12th century to the empire of Ghana and the Almoravids. According to the Timbuktu chronicles, it was primarily settled by the Tafrast/Tafaranko people, a Azer/soninke-speaking group that migrated from the west (ie: Awdaghust).

Conversly, Tichitt was settled in the 8th century by the Imansa/Masna, an autochthonous group of Soninke-speakers, who named the oasis after sound of spraying water (shitu). The town was an important node in the regional salt trade that would expand during the Ghana and Mali eras, and was linked to the salt trade of Ijil carried out by the Azer.

Spoiler

Walata and Tichitt in the empire of Ghana

Spoiler

The principle salt routes and salt sources ca. 1000-1700

Spoiler

Chinguetti Mosque, Plan of the mosque

Spoiler

Map showing the emirates of the south-western Sahara in the 18th-19th century.

All from

A history of the south-western Saharan towns of Tichitt, Walata, Wadan and Chinguetti (800-1912)

Trade and civilization on west-africa's desert frontier

www.africanhistoryextra.com

 

[PecuTheGreat]

Spoiler

Map of west Africa showing the dispersion routes taken by the Jakhanke (yellow), Juula (green) and Wangarawa (red)

From

Foundations of Trade and Education in medieval west Africa: the Wangara diaspora.

networks of gold and learning.

www.africanhistoryextra.com

 

[PecuTheGreat]

Spoiler

Map of southern Benin in the 18th and 19th centuries

From

The kingdom of Dahomey and the Atlantic world: a misunderstood legacy

On the mythical "Black Sparta" of Africa.

www.africanhistoryextra.com

 

[Analytical Engine]

Spoiler

Map of southern Benin in the 18th and 19th centuries

From

The kingdom of Dahomey and the Atlantic world: a misunderstood legacy

On the mythical "Black Sparta" of Africa.

www.africanhistoryextra.com

That map is of west Africa as a whole, rather than southern Benin.

 

[PecuTheGreat]

That map is of west Africa as a whole, rather than southern Benin.

Oh, shit. Thanks for the correction. Let me fix it.

 

[PecuTheGreat]

Spoiler

Map of previously published Stone Age sites in Northern Botswana. Numbers refer to the site listing in SOM1. This does not include any grey literature/theses that are not available online. Numbered sites are listed in the map, unnumbered are too vague/cover too large an area to be precisely located on the map. Key to sites: 1. Rhino Cave, 2. Depression Shelter, 3. Divuyu, 4. Nqoma, 5. Unnamed shelters on Female Hill, 6. Tsodilo Shelter, 7. Tashrani, 8. Kudu Horn Shelter, 9. Ancestors' Cave, 10. White Paintings Shelter, 11. Greenstone Mine, 12. Corner Cave, 13. Savuti, 14. Northeast of Kachikau, 15. Mahopa, 16. ≠Gi, 17. !ubi, 18./dwichu, 19. Xaixai, 20. Gcwihaba Caves 21. !Ncumtsa Hills, 22. Toteng, 23. SW of Toteng, 24. Mogapelwa, 25. Old edge of Lake Ngami, 26. Kgwebe Hills, 27. Ngwanalekau Hills area, 28. Mabeleapudi ridge, 29. Kuke Pan, 30. Gemsbok Pan, 31. Ghanzi, 32. Buitsivango, 33. Mamuno, 34. Okwa River/Tswaane borehole, 35. Matlapaneng, 36. Lotshitshi, 37. Maun, 38. Samedupe Drift, 39. Makalamabedi Drift, 40. Bushman Pits, 41. Kudiakam Pan, 42. Ngxaishini Pan, 43. Northeast of Gweta, 44. Gweta, 45. Makgadikgadi Pans general area (all Stone Age sites from the New Mexico Kalahari Project are listed under this number), 46. Gutshaa Pan, 47. Rakops area, 48. Toromoja, 49. Toromoja I, 50. Gwi Pan West, 51. Xhorodomo Pan, 52. Kedia Hill, 53. Orapa Diamond Mine, 54. Lothlekane Well, 55. Inkowane Pan, 56. South Sua Pan, 57. Tshwane, 58. Nata River delta, 59. Nata, 60. Nata River, 61. Mantenge Shelter, 62. Domboshamba Ruin.

Spoiler

Map of newly-discovered Stone Age sites and scatters in northern Botswana. The Collaborative Program for San/Basarwa Research and Capacity Building (1999–2006) (purple), the Kalahari Silcrete Provenancing Project (2011) (yellow) and the Landscape Archaeology of the Kalahari Project (2016–2018) (green). The numbers refer to the site listing in SOM2. Numbers between 126-228 not listed on the map are located in dense swathe, shown in green, in north Ntwetwe Pan. Key to sites: 1-2. Southwest of Lake Ngami, 3. Small pan, southwest of Lake Ngami, 4. Magoagoa cattle post, 5. Flats north of Kareng, 6. Banks of Boteti River, 8. Kings Pool Camp, 9. Airstrip, south of Kings Pool Camp, 10. Access road to Duma Tau Lodge, 11. Makalamegi, along Boteti River, 12. Seokwane 3, 13. Seokwane, 14. Seokwane 12, 15. Rakops (East), 16. Rakops (North), 17. West side of new road – north of Kuke Gate, 18–19. Motabologa Hill, south of Sethitwa, 20. South of Motabologa Hill, 21. Along A3, south of Lake Ngami, 22–24. On A3, 30 km south of Sethitwa, 25. Shakawe, 26–27. West bank of Okavango Panhandle, 28. Quarry, near Shakawe airstrip, 29–30. LSA scatters, Female Hill, 31. On road to Nokaneng and east of Xangwa, 32. North of Tsau, 33. On old Thaoge watercourse, 34–36. North of Tsau, 37. South of Damara, 38. Old quarry near Makakung, 39. South of Makakung, 40. East of Kareng, 41. Eastern edge of Dautsa Flats, 42–44. Okwa Valley, 45. D'qae Qare San Lodge, 46. Quarry Hill, 47. Hills near Savuti Channel, 48. Saddle between Kudu Hills, 49–53. Near Bushman Hill Paintings, Savuti, 54. Washout, near Kareng, 55–57. Near Kareng, 58–59. Test excavation, ‘Canoe’ grooved stone, Female Hill, 60. Near Makakung, 61–62. North of Kareng, 63. South of Kareng, 64. Dautsa, 65. East of Dautsa, 66. Test site, Dautsa, 67–69. Semowane River course, 70. Near excavated site, south of Dzibui (Gwi) Pan, 71. Escarpment road south of Sua Pan, 72. Near Bothatogo, 73. Plateau south of Lake Ngami, 74. South bank of Lake Ngami, 75–77. West of Lake Ngami, near Bodibeng, 78. KNG5, near Kareng, 79. LSA finds, Molatu rock art site, 80–81. East of Bothatogo, 82. Shakawe quarry, 83–85. Xaudum valley, 86. Nxaunxau, 87. Xangwa village, 88. Dobe, 89. Dobe Pan, 90. South margin of Lake Ngami, 91–93. South margin of western end Lake Ngami, 94. Tale Pan, 95. Samedupe Drift, 96. West of Samedupe Drift Bridge, 97. Makalamabedi, 98. Motopi, 99. BOTE01, 100. BOTE02, 101. BOTE03, 102. BOTE04, 103. BOTE05, 104. BOTE06, 105. BOTEFS01, 106. BOTEFS02, 107. BOTEFS03, 108. BOTEFS04, 109. BOTEFS05, 110. BOTEFS06, 111. BOTEFS07, 112. BOTEFS08, 113. BOTEFS09, 114. BOTEFS10, 115. BOTEFS11, 116. BOTEFS12, 117. BOTEFS13, 118. BOTEFS14, 119. DZI01, 120. DZI02, 121. DZIFS01, 122. DZIFS02, 123. DZIFS03, 124. DZIFS04, 125. DZIFS05, 126. MAK01, 127. MAK02, 128. MAK03, 129. MAK04, 130. MAK05, 131. MAK06, 132. MAK07, 133. MAK08, 134. MAK09, 135. MAK10, 136. MAK11, 137. MAK12, 138. MAK13, 139. MAK14A, 140. MAK14B, 141. MAK14C, 142. MAK14D, 143. MAK14E, 144. MAK14F, 145. MAK14G, 146. MAK14I, 147. MAK14J, 148. MAK14K, 149. MAK14L, 150. MAK14M, 151. MAK14N, 152. MAK14O, 153. MAK15, 154. MAK16, 155. MAK17, 156. MAK18, 157. MAK19, 158. MAK20, 159. MAK21, 160. MAK22, 161. MAK23, 162. MAK24, 163. MAK25, 164. MAK26, 165. MAK27, 166. MAK28, 167. MAK29, 168. MAK30, 169. MAK31, 170. MAK32, 171. MAK33, 172. MAK34, 173. MAK35, 174. MAK36, 175. MAK37, 176. MAK38, 177. MAKFS01, 178. MAKFS02, 179. MAKFS03, 180. MAKFS04, 181. MAKFS05, 182. MAKFS06, 183. MAKFS07, 184. MAKFS08, 185. MAKFS09, 186. MAKFS10 (Sweetwater Pan), 187. MAKFS11 (Christian Pan), 188. MAKFS12, 189. MAKFS13, 190. MAKFS14, 191. MAKFS15, 192. MAKFS16, 193. MAKFS17 (Gweta Quarry), 194. MAKFS18, 195. MAKFS19, 196. MAKFS20, 197. MAKFS21, 198. MAKFS22, 199. MAKFS23, 200. MAKFS24, 201. MAKFS25, 202. MAKFS26, 203. MAKFS27, 204. MAKFS28, 205. MAKFS29, 206. MAKFS30, 207. MAKFS31, 208. MAKFS32, 209. MAKFS33, 210. MAKFS34, 211. MAKFS35, 212. MAKFS36, 213. MAKFS37, 214. MAKFS38, 215. MAKFS39, 216. MAKFS40, 217. MAKFS41, 218. MAKFS42, 219. MAKFS43, 220. MAKFS44, 221. MAKFS45, 222. MAKFS46, 223. MAKFS47, 224. MAKFS48, 225. MAKFS49, 226. MAKFS50, 227. MAKFS51, 228. MAKFS52, 229. NAT01, 230. NATFS01, 231. NATFS02, 232. NATFS03, 233. XORFS01, 234. XORFS02, 235. XORFS03, 236. XORFS04, 237. XORFS05, 238. XORFS06, 239. XORFS07. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)

Spoiler

Overview of newly-discovered a) ESA, b) MSA and c) LSA and pastoralist sites from recent surveys in northern Botswana. The Collaborative Program for San/Basarwa Research and Capacity Building (1999–2006) (purple), the Kalahari Silcrete Provenancing Project (2011) (yellow) and the Landscape Archaeology of the Kalahari Project (2016–2018) (green). Details of sites in SOM2. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)

From

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277379122003262

Spoiler

Spoiler

https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcR8tWpmEs2vsoC4KLA8rRdZ9BIkUs4m_DZGqw&usqp=CAU

Map of Botswana showing the locations of archaeological sites and geographic features mentioned in the text

From

Interactions among Precolonial Foragers, Herders, and Farmers in Southern Africa

"Interactions among Precolonial Foragers, Herders, and Farmers in Southern Africa" published on by Oxford University Press.

oxfordre.com

Spoiler

from

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/352520860_Variation_in_hunting_weaponry_for_more_than_300000_years_A_tip_cross-sectional_area_study_of_Middle_Stone_Age_points_from_southern_Africa

Spoiler

Archeology in Botswana

Spoiler

Early Iron Age in Botswana

Spoiler

https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcShczqpLIN38vZxnYbqgDvAKI91VSibvksVIg&usqp=CAU

 

[PecuTheGreat]

Spoiler

Position of Tsodilo Hills (black triangle) in the modern southern African climate setting. Left: Major atmospheric (white arrows) and oceanic (blue arrows) circulation systems are shown as well as austral summer positions of ITCZ and Congo Air Boundary (CAB). Predominant (≥50%) austral winter rainfall is confined to violet to green coloured areas (permission for the use of artwork granted from Chevalier and Chase, 2016). Right: Zonation of mean annual precipitation (after Conway et al., 2015). Circles outline areas from where earliest modern humans may have originated (1 = Tishkoff et al., 2009; 2 = Chan et al., 2019).

Spoiler

DEM of the Kalahari drainage system with position of Tsodilo Hills (after Riedel et al., 2014). Mean annual precipitation and temperature for indicated settlements are compiled in Table A.1; b) Extension of the drainage basin west of Tsodilo Hills, which is in the focus of this study (after Wiese et al., 2020).

Spoiler

TanDEM-X DEM of the study area showing the palaeolake depressions west of the Tsodilo Hills and sampling locations of previous studies with corresponding assumed palaeolake extensions (Brook, 1992; Robbins et al., 1994, 2000; Thomas et al., 2003; Wiese et al., 2020).

Spoiler

View from Male Hill to the northwest, across the palaeolake beds. Vegetation types are exemplified.

Spoiler

Climate chart (AD 1981–2010) for Tsodilo. Precipitation and temperature values derived from the ERA5 reanalysis dataset (Copernicus Climate Change Service, 2019). Evapotranspiration values calculated with ETo calculator (FAO, 2012).

Spoiler

TanDEM-X DEM showing DPGS and geophysical transects and sediment pits.

Spoiler

TanDEM-X DEM exhibiting major palaeo-shorelines and -rivers. B. Magnification of the area with a supposed tectonic fault.

Spoiler

Landsat image with the course of the former Palaeolake Tsodilo outflow sketched. The outflow created the Tamacha River, which formed a pronounced delta in the Okavango Panhandle. The red triangle indicates the position of the Female Hill and the dashed line passing it follows the highest palaeo-shoreline we could infer.

Spoiler

DGPS-elevation-profiles T0 to T5 (Fig. 6) with corrected and uncorrected values in comparison with TanDEM-X data

Spoiler

Spoiler

Lithologies and radiocarbon ages of pits N-18, S2-18 and S1-18. B. Lithology and selected geochemical and mineralogical properties for Pit S-15. Radiocarbon ages from Wiese et al. (2020) are marked with red asterisks.

Spoiler

[IMGhttps://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S2666033421000010-gr12.jpg[/IMG]

Interpretation of selected geochemical and mineralogical properties of Pit S-15-sediments. Cross-striped bars indicate values not considered for interpretation due to allogenic deposition. Corresponding graphs for other pits are provided in the supplements

Spoiler

Inverted sections (light blue) of palaeo-river beds with focus on a Y-shaped structure. B. TanDEM-X image of Y-shaped positive form. Red line refers to the position of C. River bed inversion by accumulation.

Spoiler

Simulation of reconstructed fluvio-lacustrine systems. Hatched areas indicate alluvial fan deltas. DGPS transect T0 indicated; different colours referring to Fig. 14E. A. Hydrological setting during ≥100 ka. B. Hydrological setting during LGM. C. Hydrological setting during MIS 3b. D. Hydrological setting during an undetermined period. E. DGPS transect T0 in relation to settings A-D.

from

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666033421000010

 

[PecuTheGreat]

Spoiler

Map of South Arabia and the Horn of Africa in the eighth–seventh centuries BCE; and distribution of the Sabaic and Ethio‐Sabaic inscriptions from the c. eighth–fifth centuries BCE. Source: J. Schiettecatte; map tiles by Stamen Design, under CC BY 3.0​

from

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/356347086_Sabaeans_on_the_Somali_coast

 

[PecuTheGreat]

Been a while.

 

[PecuTheGreat]

Spoiler

Location of southern Africa showing madzimbahwe/mizinda or capitals associated with sociopolitical complexity​

from https://www.researchgate.net/figure...da-or-capitals-associated-with_fig1_297654019

Spoiler

Map showing the distribution of dzimbahwe/Zimbabwe tradition stone-walled sites and Portuguese feiras/trading stations in southern Zambezia (Garlake 1970; Pikirayi 1993; Newitt 1995)​

Spoiler

Map of southern Zambezia showing some of the sites discussed in the text​

from https://www.researchgate.net/figure...he-sites-discussed-in-the-text_fig1_310602774

Spoiler

Dryland landscapes of southern Zambezia and some sites mentioned in the text: 1 Ingombe Illede; 2 Kadzi; 3 Kasekete; 4 Ndongo; 5 Charumani 2; 6 Chibuene; 7 Manyikeni; 8 Mwenezi; 9 Mulumba; 10 Tshobwane; 11 Mutshilachokwe; 12 Mtao Village 16; 13 Thulamela; 14 Weipe; 15 Schroda; 16 K2; 17 Mapungubwe; 18 Samaria; 19 Faure; 20 Leokwe; 21 Rhodes Drift; 22 JC Hill; 23 Megwe; 24 Domboshaba; 25 Selolwe; 26. Vumba; 27. Toutswemogala; 28 Taukome; 29 Mapela and Little Mapela; 30 Jahunda; 31 Khami; 32 Danamombe; 33 Tabazikamambo; 34 Great Zimbabwe.​

from https://www.researchgate.net/figure...entioned-in-the-text-1-Ingombe_fig1_329755019

 

[PecuTheGreat]

Spoiler: THE PIC

Figure 1. Simplified geological map of Madagascar after Bésairie [1971],
Jourde [1971], and Collins [2000]. 1, Sediments; 2, volcanic formations; 3,
Bemarivo orogenic belt; 4, Antongil Block; 5, Antananarivo Block; 6, Itremo
sheet; 7, Ikalamavony Domain; 8, Anosyen Domain; 9, Androyen Domain;
and 10, Vohibory Domain. Grey lines are shear zones modified after
Martelat et al. [2000] Ej, Ejeda; Am, Ampanihy; Be, Beraketa; Ra, Ranotsara;
Za, Zazafotsy; and If, Ifanadiana. Dashed black line is the proposed plate
boundary between the Lwandle plate and Somalian plate [Stamps et al.,
2014]. Red frame marks the research area shown in Figures 5 and 6. Green
triangles show broadband stations, green diamonds denote short-period
stations, and the red square marks the permanent station VOI of the
GEOFON network.

 

[PecuTheGreat]

Okay, boys. All the Maps from General history of Africa, V Africa from the sixteenth to the eighteenth century

The Whole continent

Spoiler

Africa the main points of European trade contact during the sixteenth to eighteenth centuries

Spoiler

African trade routes in the sixteenth century Source; adapted from map drawn by P. Ndiaye, Department of Geography, University of Dakar

Spoiler

Africa, Europe and Asia Source; adapted from map drawn by Dr Dulal C. Goswami, Geology and Geography Department, Howard University, Washington DC

North of the Oubanguides

Western Sudan

Spoiler

Senegambia in the sixteenth to eighteenth centuries

Spoiler

Trans-Saharan routes in the sixteenth to eighteenth centuries

Spoiler

The Timbuktu Region

Spoiler

The Niger-Volta region in the sixteenth to eighteenth centuries

West Africa

Spoiler

Major population groups of West Africa

Spoiler

Migratory movements of the peoples of West Africa, fifteenth to eighteenth centuries

Spoiler

The main states of West Africa, pre-sixteenth century-

 

[PecuTheGreat]

North of the Oubanguides

Morocco

Spoiler

Morocco in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries (after M. El Fast)

Spoiler

The stages of Don Sebastian's progress towards the site of the 'Battle of the Three Kings' at Wadi al-Makhâzin, 30 July to 4 August ¡578 (after M. El Fast)

Spoiler

The empire of Ahmad al-Mansur, 'the Golden (1578-1603) (after M. El Fast)

Spoiler

The principalities of northern Morocco in the early seventeenth century (after M. El Fast)

The Hausalands

Spoiler

Hausa states in the eighteenth century Source; adapted from P, Lovejoy, Caravans of Kola The Hausa Kola Trade, 1700 - 1900

Spoiler

Hausaland, pre-1800

Bornu

Spoiler

Borno, Känem and their immediate neighbours in the eighteenth century

Spoiler

Plan of Kukawa, the nineteenth-century capital of Borno, built in a double form of the traditional Kanuri design Source; adapted from H. Barth, 1857, II, pp. 50-1

Trans-Saharan Trade Route

Spoiler

Diagram showing the main trade and caravan links in the Sahara and west and central Sudan, c.1215 Source; adapted from M . Hiskett, The Development of Islam in West Africa

Spoiler

The Central Sudan and North Africa in 1600

 

[PecuTheGreat]

East African Orogenic Zone

Egypt

Spoiler

Lower Egypt (al-Delta) Source; adapted from 'Abd al-Rahim al-Rahman and Wataru Miki, Village in Ottoman Egypt and Tokugawa Japan - A Comparative Study, Institute for the Study of Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa, Tokyo

Spoiler

Middle and Upper Egypt (al-Said)

Sudan

Spoiler

Trade routes of the Sudan (after Y. F. Hasan)

Spoiler

Kingdoms and sultanates of the Sudan (after Y. F. Hasan)

Spoiler

Peoples of the Sudan (after Y. F. Hasan)



Mozambique and Malawi

Spoiler

Pre-dynastic groups in Northern Zimbabwe (after K. M. Phiri and O. J. M. Kalinga)

Spoiler

The Maravi expansion, c.1650 (after K. M. Phiri)

Spoiler

Ivory trade routes in East-Central Africa in the eighteenth century (after E. A. Alpers, UCLA)

Spoiler

Peoples of the Northern Zambezi region in the eighteenth century

Spoiler

The prazos of the lower Zambezi valley

 

[PecuTheGreat]

East African Orogenic Zone, continue

East African Hinterland

Spoiler

Ethnic groups of Kenya and Tanzania Source; adapted from map drawn by M. Kivuva

Spoiler

The Nyarubanga and the fragmentation of the Luo , c. 1570 - 1720

The Lacustrine

Spoiler

The southern Great Lakes region at the end of the seventeenth century (after J. P. Chrétien)


Ethiopia

Spoiler

The Ethiopian empire and its dependencies, c. 1550 (after E. Haberland)

Spoiler

South-eastern Ethiopia, c. 1500 (after E. Haberland)

Spoiler

Oromo migrations in the sixteenth century (after E. Haberland)

Spoiler

Christianity in north-eastern Africa, c. 1700 (after E. Haberland)

Madagascar

Spoiler

Ethnic groups of Madagascar Source; adapted from map of Madagascar from Early Kingdoms m Madagascar, 1500 - 1700 by Raymond K. Kent

Indian Ocean Coast

Spoiler

The western Indian Ocean basin (after A. I. Salim)

Spoiler

The East African coast (after A. I. Salim)

 

[PecuTheGreat]

Bantu Africa

Southern Africa

Spoiler

Central and south-eastern Africa during the period of the Mutapa and Torwa states Source; adapted from S. I. Mudenge, A Political History of Munhumutapa c. 1400 - 1902

Spoiler

The Rozvi empire Source; adapted from D. N. Beach, Zimbabwe before 1900,

Spoiler

The main feiras in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries Source; adapted from map 3 of H. H. K. Bhila, Trade and Politics m a Shona Kingdom. The Manyika and their African and Portuguese Neighbours, 1575-1902

Spoiler

Southern Africa in the sixteenth to eighteenth centuries


West Central Africa's Lower Guinea

Spoiler

Kongo and its neighbours in the sixteenth century (after J. Vansina)

Spoiler

Topography and natural resources of Kongo (after J. Vansina)

Spoiler

Kingdoms and trade of the Kongo region in the seventeenth century, with inset map of Ndongo (after J. Vansina)

Spoiler

Shipping routes to Central Africa, seventeenth and eighteenth centuries (after J. Vansina)

Spoiler

The slave trade in Central Africa in the eighteenth century (after J. Vansina)

Spoiler

West Central Africa in the eighteenth century (after J. Vansina)

 

[PecuTheGreat]

West Central Africa's Lower Guinea, Continues, Inland.

Spoiler

The states in Shaba before 1700 (after J. Vansina)

Spoiler

The Luba kingdom in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries (after J. Vansina)

Spoiler

Population migrations in the Uele-Ubangi regions -

Spoiler

Peoples and spheres of influence along the Congo-Zaire axis

More Trans-Saharan

Spoiler

Borno's links with North Africa and the Nile valley in the eighteenth century

End of Maps from General history of Africa, V Africa from the sixteenth to the eighteenth century

 

[PecuTheGreat]

Spoiler

Map showing the kingdoms of Armenia, Makuria and Ethiopia as well as the probable route taken by Ewostatewos from Ethiopia to Armenia.

Spoiler

Medieval Armenian T-O map, 13th-15th century, Yerevan, Matenadaran, MS 1242. Ethiopia is shown on the extreme east as ‘hapash’

From

Historical links between Africa and Armenia (ca. 600-1900)

Travelers, merchants and scholars from Nubia, Ethiopia and Armenia who visited the southern Caucasus and North-eastern Africa.

www.africanhistoryextra.com

 

[PecuTheGreat]

North of the Oubanguides

West Africa (Guinea)

Spoiler

The main states of West Africa in the seventeenth century

Guinea

Spoiler

The Akan, Ga and Ewe peoples

Spoiler

Principal trade routes of the Bandama-Volta-Mono basins

Spoiler

Trade routes between Hausaland and the Volta basin

Spoiler

Re-drawing of a 1629 map of the Gold Coast

Spoiler

States of the Lower Guinea coast, 1700

Spoiler

States of the Lower Guinea coast, 1750

Spoiler

The Niger Delta area and Cameroon in the sixteenth to eighteenth centuries


Magreb

Spoiler

Algeria, Tunisia and Libya in the sixteenth to eighteenth centuries


Okay, actual end of Maps from General history of Africa, V Africa from the sixteenth to the eighteenth century.