The Syndicate Republic, or
República de los Sindicatos
Philip IV (or Philip III of Portugal) of Spain was a very different person with amazing foresight and determination. He made the strategic decision to save the Iberian Union at all cost, and sold off Spanish possessions in other parts of Europe (just like England gave up Calais earlier on).
He went to war with the Dutch the sake of Portuguese colonial territories, a war which strengthened the ties between Portugal and Spain, and helped creating a united Iberian identity, together with joint management of the oversea colonies, the Nueva Iberia as it was then called.
As Iberian nations gradually comes closer and closer, their people could go to each others' colonies, and the difference between Brazil and the other South American provinces diminished as time goes by. However, starting from the Mid-19th century, a new type of division appeared, that was between Iberia and New Iberia, specially after the loss of Mexico to the US.
Growing discontents with Iberia has made the
americanos more and more identifies with the native American culture. The
Chakana, a cultural symbol of the Andes has come to represent the whole of the
americano people. This was accepted even in places the Chakana was not traditionally used, as people understood that this was a Iberia v.
americano thing.
Iberian Civil War in 1936, which saw the rise of a right wing dictatorships in Iberia, induced a massive War Of Liberation in New Iberia led by the Anarco-Communist syndicates and participated by other left-wing groups. The war led to the creation in 1947 of a new country in South America: the Syndicate Republic, and a new nation, the Syndicalites.
Just like IOTL Latin-Americas, the left is usually associated with Native American identities and cultures. In this case, the national flag is an Anarco-Communist Red and black flag is defaced with a
Chakana symbol, a traditional representation of the native Americans (
native syndicalites as they are called ITTL).